French 1600-1682 Claude Lorrain Galleries In Rome, not until the mid-17th century were landscapes deemed fit for serious painting. Northern Europeans, such as the Germans Elsheimer and Brill, had made such views pre-eminent in some of their paintings (as well as Da Vinci in his private drawings or Baldassarre Peruzzi in his decorative frescoes of vedute); but not until Annibale Carracci and his pupil Domenichino do we see landscape become the focus of a canvas by a major Italian artist. Even with the latter two, as with Lorrain, the stated themes of the paintings were mythic or religious. Landscape as a subject was distinctly unclassical and secular. The former quality was not consonant with Renaissance art, which boasted its rivalry with the work of the ancients. The second quality had less public patronage in Counter-Reformation Rome, which prized subjects worthy of "high painting," typically religious or mythic scenes. Pure landscape, like pure still-life or genre painting, reflected an aesthetic viewpoint regarded as lacking in moral seriousness. Rome, the theological and philosophical center of 17th century Italian art, was not quite ready for such a break with tradition. In this matter of the importance of landscape, Lorrain was prescient. Living in a pre-Romantic era, he did not depict those uninhabited panoramas that were to be esteemed in later centuries, such as with Salvatore Rosa. He painted a pastoral world of fields and valleys not distant from castles and towns. If the ocean horizon is represented, it is from the setting of a busy port. Perhaps to feed the public need for paintings with noble themes, his pictures include demigods, heroes and saints, even though his abundant drawings and sketchbooks prove that he was more interested in scenography. Lorrain was described as kind to his pupils and hard-working; keenly observant, but an unlettered man until his death. The painter Joachim von Sandrart is an authority for Claude's life (Academia Artis Pictoriae, 1683); Baldinucci, who obtained information from some of Claude's immediate survivors, relates various incidents to a different effect (Notizie dei professoni del disegno). John Constable described Claude Lorrain as "the most perfect landscape painter the world ever saw", and declared that in Claude??s landscape "all is lovely ?C all amiable ?C all is amenity and repose; the calm sunshine of the heart"  Related Paintings of Claude Lorrain :. | Landscape with Psyche at the Palace of Cupid (mk17) | Harbour Scene gf | Deer-Hunt (mk17) | Landscape with Hagar and the Angel | Rest on the Flight into Egypt (mk17) |
Related Artists:
NEER, Aert van der
Dutch Baroque Era Painter, ca.1603-1677 Dutch landscape painter. Working mostly in Amsterdam, he excelled in painting unusual light effects, such as moonlight, sunsets, conflagrations, and glimmering light on snow and ice. His winter landscapes are among the best in Dutch art. He is well represented in many European galleries. The Metropolitan Museum has his Sunset, The Farrier, and Landscape. His son and pupil, Eglon Hendrik van der Neer, 1634C1703, was a genre, landscape, and portrait painter. He was court painter to the elector palatine in Desseldorf. He excelled in painting luxurious interiors, hunting scenes, and mythological or biblical subjects in Dutch settings.
Philip Hermogenes Calderon
English genre, portraits, domestic and historical scenes Painter, 1833-1898 English painter of Spanish and French descent. His father, at one time a Roman Catholic priest, was Professor of Spanish Literature at King's College, London. Calderon studied at James M. Leigh's school in London in 1850, then in Paris at the studio of Fran?ois-Edouard Picot. He lived near by in Montmartre, sharing a room with fellow art student Henry Stacy Marks. He exhibited his first Royal Academy painting, By the Waters of Babylon (London, Tate), in 1853 and thereafter became a regular exhibitor until 1897. He first made his name with Broken Vows (London, Tate), exhibited in 1857. The painting shows a woman overhearing through a garden fence her lover betraying her and was painted in the detailed, clean-cut style associated with the Pre-Raphaelites.
johan gustaf sandberg
Johan Gustaf Sandberg, född 1782, död 1854, var målare; han var professor i teckning vid Konstakademien från 1828, och direktör där 1845?C1853. Sandberg ägnade sig främst åt historiemåleri, med motiv ur nordisk mytologi och svensk historia. Hans främsta verk inom detta område är kalkmålningarna över Gustav Vasa i Uppsala domkyrka. Han målade också en mängd porträtt. Sandberg blev 1794 elev i konstakademins principskola och 1801 i antikskolan, lärde samtidigt musik och klaverspelning och tjänade pengar genom lektioner och genom arbete på kungliga teaterns dekorationsmålarverkstad. Under den följande tiden slöt han sig till den opposition mot akademin, som hade sin medelpunkt i "Sällskapet för konststudium". Tvisten med akademin lade sig snart, Sandberg valdes till ledamot 1821 och blev ordinarie professor 1828. Däremot hade han aldrig tillfälle att göra den för äldre tiders konstnärer obligatoriska studieresan till södern. Han utförde teckningarna till praktverket "Ett år i Sverige" (1827 -35) med bilderna graverade under Christian Didrik Forssells ledning och texten skriven av Anders Abraham Grafström. Under upprepade sommarvistelser på Säfstaholms slott målade Sandberg folktyper och folkdräkter. Åtskilliga porträtt utförde Sandberg för det praktfulla "Galleri af utmärkta svenska lärde, vetenskapsidkare och konstnärer", som han utgav 1835?C42 (100 porträtt, litograferade av J. Cardon).